Mawonekedwe osakhazikika a emulsions (flocculation, coalescence, stratification ndi demulsification)

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zakusakhazikika kwa emulsion: kuyandama, kuphatikizika, kugawa (kapena kusungunuka), kuchotsedwa kwa madzi, kusintha kwa gawo ndi kukhwima kwa Ostwald.

1. Kutuluka kwa madzi m'thupi

Madontho omwazikana mu emulsion agwirizana kuti apange magulu a madontho amitundu itatu, omwe amatanthauzidwa kuti ma floc, ndipo njirayi imatchedwa flocculation. Nthawi zambiri, palibe kusintha kwakukulu pa kukula ndi kufalikira kwa madontho mkati mwa ma floc, ndipo madontho sagwirizana, ndipo madonthowo amasunga mawonekedwe awo oyambirira. Kuyandama kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu zokopa pakati pa madontho. Mphamvu zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofooka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yoyandama ikhale yosinthika (yomwe imadziwika kuti kuyandama kofooka), ndipo kugwedezeka kumatha kulekanitsa ma floc.

2.Kugwirizana

Ngati madontho a flocculates aphatikizana, mafelemu amadzimadzi a madontho ang'onoang'ono mkati mwake amaphulika ndikupanga mikanda yayikulu yamadzimadzi. Njirayi imatanthauzidwa ngati coalescence. Coalescence ndi njira yosasinthika, yomwe imapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha madontho chichepe komanso kusweka kwathunthu kwa emulsions, komwe ndi kulekanitsidwa kwa mafuta ndi madzi. Flocculation imakhala ngati chiyambi cha coalescence, pomwe coalescence ndiye chifukwa chachindunji cha kuwonongeka kwa emulsion.

3.Kupanga magawo

Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuchulukana pakati pa gawo la mafuta ndi gawo lamadzi, madontho amayandama kapena kumira pansi pa mphamvu yokoka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madontho azikhala bwino mu emulsion. Njira imeneyi imadziwika kuti creaming kapena sedimentation. Ngakhale kuti creaming imawononga kufanana kwa emulsion, emulsion yokha siiwonongeka kwenikweni.

4.Kuchotsa mphamvu ya mungu

Emulsion ndi dongosolo losakhazikika pa kutentha lomwe mkhalidwe wake wofanana ndi kulekanitsa mafuta ndi madzi ndi kugawa (monga gawo lamadzi ndi gawo la mafuta), ndipo kuchotsedwa kwa mulsification ndiye zotsatira zake zosapeŵeka. M'magawo ena amafakitale, kuchotsedwa kwa mulsification kumafunika. Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa mulsification ya mafuta osakonzedwa (W/O) kuti mafuta apeze kulekanitsidwa kwa madzi.

5. Zosintha

Emulsion imatha kusintha kuchokera ku mtundu wa W/O kupita ku mtundu wa O/W, kapena mosemphanitsa, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mikhalidwe ya emulsification, ndipo njirayi imadziwika kuti phase inversion.

6. Kukhwima kwa Ostwald

Ma emulsion okhala ndi madontho a kukula kosiyanasiyana (polydisperse emulsions) amatha kukhalabe olimba ndikupewa kugwedezeka kapena kuphatikizika. Komabe, pakapita nthawi, kufalikira kwa kukula kwa madontho kumasinthasintha kupita ku madontho akuluakulu, kufalikira kwa kukula kwa madontho kumakhala kokulirapo, ndipo kukula kwa madontho kumakhala kofanana. Chochitika ichi, chofanana ndi njira yokhwima ya kristalo, chimatchedwa Ostwald.